Driving smarter: Maximizing control with engine braking
Everyone knows that a vehicle can be stopped using the brakes. However, it's worth understanding the method of engine braking, which is beneficial not only for saving fuel but also for reducing wear on vehicle components.
Engine braking is straightforward but requires familiarity with your vehicle. The process involves removing your foot from the gas pedal while keeping the gear engaged. The general rule is: the lower the gear, the greater the car's speed reduction.
When descending a hill, shifting from fifth to fourth gear helps reduce speed. Switching to third gear will slow you down even more, but be careful not to over-rev the engine, as this can lead to a costly breakdown. It’s crucial to know your car well—each gearbox has different gear ratios. The key to success is to match the gear to your speed and road conditions.
In modern cars, releasing the gas pedal means no fuel enters the cylinders, allowing you to move without using fuel. However, older models with carburetors did not function this way, so some older drivers may not be aware of this effect.
This technique is also recommended because it reduces brake pad wear. This is particularly useful in mountainous areas, where descending without engine braking can overheat the braking system.
However, improper engine braking can be harmful. Shifting too abruptly to a lower gear (for instance, by two or more gears) can excessively strain the clutch, leading to wear. Such actions can also negatively affect the flywheel, which helps reduce vibrations.
Safety is crucial, especially with rear-wheel-drive cars. Although modern vehicles usually have an Electronic Stability Program (ESP) system to help manage excessive rear axle movements, caution is necessary. Reducing the gear while turning on a wet or sandy surface can lead to a skid. Technology is helpful, but common sense is irreplaceable — the laws of physics remain the same.
