Dragon drones resurface: Thermite strikes terror in trenches
In late 2024, videos of the so-called "dragon drones" surfaced, showing these drones spreading thermite over specific areas. The thermite is capable of burning through armour or concrete. Now, these drones, feared by Russians, have made a comeback. We present what they are and how they operate.
"Dragon drones" are among the most effective methods of deploying controversial incendiary weapons. The concept involves using an FPV drone or larger models like the "Baba Yaga" as carriers of incendiary substances, such as a bomblet from a cluster bomb or even a welding bucket.
These "dragon drones" then drop their payload over enemy trenches, often concealed in forested regions that pose challenges for regular FPV drones. The video below shows one of these raids, leaving only scorched earth in its wake.
Thermite — an old solution known for burning cities
Thermite is an incendiary compound that was frequently used in incendiary weapons during World War II, leading to many cities being extensively burned. Chemically, it consists of a mixture of powdered aluminum with iron oxide (rust), and magnesium is used as an igniter.
An igniter is necessary because igniting thermite requires a high temperature of about 1,000 degrees Celsius, and once ignited, it reaches temperatures as high as 3,000 degrees Celsius. This enables it to burn through even thick layers of concrete or tank armour if sufficient thermite is available.
Furthermore, during the intense chemical reaction, molten metal is sprayed over the surrounding area. It is important to note that thermite cannot be extinguished by cutting off oxygen because it contains oxygen within its composition, so essentially the only option is to wait for it to burn out.
On the other hand, attempting to extinguish it with water can lead to even more damage because the extreme temperatures can cause the thermal decomposition of water into oxygen and explosive hydrogen.
The use of thermite, which is classified as an incendiary weapon, is regulated by the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, which permits its use against armed forces except in urban areas where civilians may be present.
